On Windows,

use strict;
use warnings;

use XML::DOM;

my $xml = <<"__EOI__";
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<TEST> \xC3\xA9 </TEST>
__EOI__

my $parser = new XML::DOM::Parser;
my $doc = $parser->parse($xml);

$doc->printToFile("test.xml");
[download]

>perl a.pl

>perl -e"$/=\16; while (<>) { my $s=uc unpack 'H*', $_; $s=~s/..\K/ /g
+; print qq{$s\n}; }" test.xml
3C 3F 78 6D 6C 20 76 65 72 73 69 6F 6E 3D 22 31
2E 30 22 20 65 6E 63 6F 64 69 6E 67 3D 22 55 54
46 2D 38 22 3F 3E 0A 3C 54 45 53 54 3E 20 E9 20
3C 2F 54 45 53 54 3E 0A
[download]

As previously shown, XML::DOM doesn't encode for you (as it should). So let's try with the previously mentioned fix:

use strict;
use warnings;

use XML::DOM;

my $xml = <<"__EOI__";
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<TEST> \xC3\xA9 </TEST>
__EOI__

my $parser = new XML::DOM::Parser;
my $doc = $parser->parse($xml);

open my $fh, ">:utf8", "test.xml" or die $!;
$doc->printToFileHandle($fh);
[download]

>perl a.pl

>perl -e"$/=\16; while (<>) { my $s=uc unpack 'H*', $_; $s=~s/..\K/ /g
+; print qq{$s\n}; }" test.xml
3C 3F 78 6D 6C 20 76 65 72 73 69 6F 6E 3D 22 31
2E 30 22 20 65 6E 63 6F 64 69 6E 67 3D 22 55 54
46 2D 38 22 3F 3E 0A 3C 54 45 53 54 3E 20 C3 A9
20 3C 2F 54 45 53 54 3E 0A
[download]

Perl did its thing correctly, so you have a problem with your editor. There are some solutions:

• Tell your editor the file is encoded using UTF-8 through its menus.

• Add a BOM. Most editors use this ass a signal that the file is encoded using UTF-8.

  open my $fh, ">:utf8", "test.xml" or die $!;
  print($fh "\x{FEFF}");
  $doc->printToFileHandle($fh);
  [download]

• Use the encoding the editor expects (cp1252?)

  ...Fix the <?xml?> line...
  open my $fh, ">:encoding(cp1252)", "test.xml" or die $!;
  $doc->printToFileHandle($fh);
  [download]

You might want to check (using the above command) to make sure your input contains what you think it contains.

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