Data sources typically return bytes since the data source has no idea what the bytes represent. It's the data reader's responsibility to convert those bytes into numbers, text or whatever.

That's not what the DBI documentation says. It says, "Most data is returned to the Perl script as strings. … Perl supports two kinds of strings: Unicode (utf8 internally) and non-Unicode (defaults to iso-8859-1 if forced to assume an encoding). Drivers should accept both kinds of strings and, if required, convert them to the character set of the database being used. Similarly, when fetching from the database character data that isn't iso-8859-1 the driver should convert it into utf8."

In reply to Re^5: Mugged by UTF8, this CANNOT be right by Jim
in thread Mugged by UTF8, this CANNOT be right by tosh

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