Often...
More specifically, when the buffering mode is set to "line-buffered" — which is the default with interactive things like terminals.
In general, and to summarize, there are three buffering modes:
- unbuffered — when explicitly requested, and the default for stderr
- line-buffered — the default in interactive contexts
- block-buffered (aka "fully buffered") — the default for everything else, like writing to files, pipes, etc.
In block-buffered mode, flushing doesn't happen before the respective buffer, e.g. 4k bytes size, has filled up.
For example (block-buffered):
$ strace -ewrite perl -E 'say "X"x99 for 1..100' >/dev/null
write(1, "XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX"..., 4096) = 4096
write(1, "XXX\nXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX"..., 4096) = 4096
write(1, "XXXXXXX\nXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX"..., 1808) = 1808
Without the redirect of stdout, i.e. when it's connected to the terminal, you'd see 100 write system calls à 100 bytes... (line-buffered)
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