The function you need to call is Perl_sharedsv_locksv(pTHX_ SV *sv) found in threads::shared.xs.

But good luck in working out how to link to it.

Another mystery that has long defeated me is quite where the perl-level lock() function (keyword or operator) lives and how it gets translated into a call to the above.

Examine what is said, not who speaks -- Silence betokens consent -- Love the truth but pardon error.
"Science is about questioning the status quo. Questioning authority".
In the absence of evidence, opinion is indistinguishable from prejudice.

In reply to Re: threads::shared locking via C API by BrowserUk
in thread threads::shared locking via C API by halfcountplus

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