my @last_distance;  # Use instead of @{ $distance[$u-1] }
my @this_distance;  # Use instead of @{ $distance[$u-0] }
for($u = 0;  $u < $U;  $u++ ) {   
  ...
  @last_distance = @this_distance;
}

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In reply to Re^3: for-loop issue - swap gets crazy large by ikegami
in thread for-loop issue - swap gets crazy large by esolkc

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