look at
perlfunc:substr (particularly the
negative examples)
also, look at perlre(to see what $ means in a regex), and perlop (for the m/// operator)
which should lead you to something like:
if(length $foo > 1 and substr($foo,-1,1) ne '/')
{ $foo .= '/'; }
or
$foo .= '/' unless($foo =~ m/\/$/);
btw - if you aren't used to the unless syntaxt above, see
perlsyn
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