Not quite. The g forces subsequent calls to the regexp to match from somewhere after the previous match ended, until no match is found.

print("$1:") while ('abcdefgh' =~ /(.)/g);
a:b:c:d:e:f:g:h:

print("$1:") while ('vowels' =~ /([aeiou])/g);
o:e:
[download]

\G is similiar to ^, but refers to where the last match left off.

print("$1:") while ('oiseau' =~ /\G([aeiou])/g);
o:i:
[download]