I just wanted to emphasize that this is a really important point that will save you from the kinds of bugs that can take forever to track down.
With modern Perls, you can skip the local $_ if you only ever use $_ as a loop variable, but better to be safe if you aren't sure.
Update: Note that this doesn't apply to while loops (which don't have a loop variable in my book) as nicely pointed out by autark in Re: What Is Going On Here ?????.