Here's a way to do it without using a regular expression. It's probably slower, but it'll at least work for the examples you provided.

my @strings = ("s005219/Doe John|John.Doe\"", "s0052194/Doe Thomas|Tho
+mas.Doe\"");
my @names; # will hold the finished list of names
foreach my $string (@strings) {
    my (undef, $tmp_string) = split('\/', $string);
    my ($name, undef) = split('\|', $tmp_string);
    push (@names, $name);
}
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