The easiest thing to do is to have &get_info return undef on failure. Then you can check to see if you have good $info back, in &do_something. If not, then recall &get_info with another arg to see if that works. You don't really need to get too complicated with this.

sub do_something
{
 my $param = shift;
 
  # just add a test for success here:
 my $info = get_info($param) || get_info('option 1');

 # more things happen
 do_something_else($param, $info);
}

sub get_info
{
 my $param = shift;
 
 my $info;
 if($param eq 'option 1')
 {
  $info = 'blah';
 }
 elsif($param eq 'option 2')
 {
  return unless # <-- test whether a failure occurred; return undef
    do_something_that_might_fail($param) #POINT A
  $info = 'foo';
 }
 else
 {
  $info = 'bar''
 }
 return $info;
}
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I hope that's clear.

I'm not sure HOW the failure occurs. Maybe by dying, maybe by returning false from &do_something_that_might_fail ... I chose the latter for this example. Please put in a test that works for you.