my $data;
my $years = qr{^\s*(\d+)\s+(\d+)\s+(\d+)\s+(\d+)\s+(\d+)};
my %map   = ( 2, 2001, 3, 2002, 4, 2003, 5, 2004 );

while( <DATA> ){
    /$years/ or next;
    $data->{country}{$1} = [ $2, $3, $4, $5 ];
    $data->{years}{$map{$_}} += ${$_} for 2..5;
}

__DATA__

COUNTY       2001       2002       2003       2004
------     ------     ------     ------     ------
 26005        432        505        547        555
 26021        910        984       1026       1077
 26023        225        282        272        299

#If print Dumper($data);
$VAR1 = {
          'country' => {
                         '26149' => [
                                      '355',
                                      '415',
                                      '346',
                                      '367'
                                    ],
.....

          'years' => {
                       '2004' => '5734',
                       '2002' => '5327',
                       '2001' => '4663',
                       '2003' => '5503'
                     }
        };
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