Seems like you're aiming in the general direction of tracing. If you start your program with tracing enabled, via

PERLDB_OPTS="NonStop=1 AutoTrace=1 frame=31" perl -dS yourscript.pl
[download]

then perl's debugger will (non-interactively) start logging each line executed and will also show input/output parameters of functions called.

Generally, though, I'd recommend using a logging framework like Log::Log4perl for this instead. Once embedded in the code, it can be switched on or off via a configuration file. It's easier to adapt to you your specific needs.