I would solve that by passing a label along with the coderef when I added the timed event to the queue. Something along the lines of:

add_to_queue(foo => \&foo, [ @fooargs ], $footime);
add_to_queue(bar => \&bar, [ @barargs ], $bartime);

dump_queue();

{
  my @queue;

  sub add_to_queue {
    my ($label, $code, $args, $time) = @_;
    push @queue, [ $label, $code, $args, $time ];
  }

  sub dump_queue {
    for (@queue) {
      my ($label, $code, $args, $time) = @$_;
      print "Will execute $label with @$args at $time\n";
    }
  }
}
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Of course, your exact calling conventions will likely be different, but this is just to give you the general idea.