The pseudo-code is exactly what tphyahoo was pointing you at. Consider this:

#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;

sub fails { 0 }
sub logs { print "error!\n"; 1 }

(fails or logs) and print "all ok so far...\n";

__END__

~/sviluppo/perl> perl example.pl
error!
all ok so far...
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As you can see, you have to beware of the return value for your log function, otherwise it will happily turn an error into something good. You could use some exception handling here:

#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;

sub fails { 0 }
sub logs { print "error: @_"; 1 }

eval {
        1 or die "some message here for first part";
        fails or die "some message here for second part";
};
if ($@) {
        logs($@);
        exit 1;   # i.e. return failure
}
# Otherwise all ok...

__END__

~/sviluppo/perl> perl example.pl
error: some message here for second part at example.pl line 11.
[download]