If you know the order in which they'll appear in the string being matched,

if($element[4] =~ /\Q$Homosapiens\E.*\Q$choromosome\E/)

will work fine. If you don't know the order, you want

if ($element[4] =~ /^
   (?=.*?\Q$Homosapiens\E)
   (?=.*?\Q$choromosome\E)
/x)
[download]

It reads: "Match homo sapiens somewhere after the start of the line, then match chromosome somewhere after the start of the line."

Update: I overlooked the obvious:

if ($element[4] =~ /\Q$Homosapiens\E/ &&
    $element[4] =~ /\Q$choromosome\E/)
[download]

And since you're searching for constant strings, the following would be even faster:

if (index($element[4], $Homosapiens) >= 0 &&
    index($element[4], $choromosome) >= 0)
[download]