Well, now it's installed successfully. Wonder what made the difference. Looking at the list of make tests I'd saved from my first attempt, it looks like there was just one test that failed, thus ruining everything:

Failed Test        Stat Wstat Total Fail  Failed  List of Failed
----------------------------------------------------------------------
+---------
t/oo/destruction.t  254 65024     6    0   0.00%  ??
83 subtests skipped.
Failed 1/370 test scripts, 99.73% okay. 0/6184 subtests failed, 100.00
+% okay.
make: *** [test_dynamic] Error 255
  /usr/bin/make test -- NOT OK
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