in reply to Class capabilities

A does method sounds like a boolean to me. I'd look for it to return true if and only if the object can do all the listed methods. Also, your error return will not occur if $proto is not a reference.

sub does { my ($proto, @methods) = @_; return if !ref $proto || !blessed $proto; # DeMorgan my @coderefs = map {$proto->can($_) || ()} @methods; return @coderefs == @methods; }

After Compline,
Zaxo