If I wanted to change the logic of the above code so all values not in $fed{1} were incremented by 1 instead , how would I do this ?
I tried doing this

local @ARGV = ('file1.txt');
local $^I = '.bak';
while (<>) {
  m/^(\w+)\s+(\d+)$/;
  printf "$1\t%d\n", not exists $fed{$1} ? $2+1 : 0;
}
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This only works the first time it's run, after that everything that isn't in $fed{1} is always only set to 1.
I was trying to get it to increment all other values by 1 each time and set the $fed{1} values to 0