Um, with your approach, if you don't actually shift every element off of @array, it'll be an infinite loop, I think. Maybe you meant something like:

my @keep = ();
while (@array) {
    my $element = shift @array;
    # do stuff
    push @keep, $element unless ( $result eq 'foo' );
}
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In any case, just doing  my @keep = grep { somefunc($_) } @array; (as suggested in earlier replies) feels easier and cleaner somehow.