Nope, having a fake #! line will cause a fatal error, even if you invoke perl explicitly:
perl poem.pl
because Perl detects the #! line and tries to exec the specified command, just like a shell would do:
Can't exec Ambiguity! at poem.pl line 1.
This is documented in perlrun:
If the #! line does not contain the word "perl", the
program named after the #! is executed instead of the Perl
interpreter. This is slightly bizarre, but it helps
people on machines that don't do #!, because they can tell
a program that their SHELL is /usr/bin/perl, and Perl will
then dispatch the program to the correct interpreter for
them.
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