There are many ways to achieve that. An easy way is to repeat the code that generates of the number in the success block. Here's a slightly different way to do it using a "special" value (undef) and using an if as a statement modifier:

#!/usr/bin/perl -w

use warnings;
use strict;

my $secret;

while (1) {
    $secret = int(1 + rand 100) if ! defined $secret;
     
    print "please enter a guess from 1 to 100: ";
    chomp (my $guess = <STDIN>);
    
    if ($guess =~ /quit|exit|^s*$/i) {
        print "Sorry you gave up. The number was $secret.\n";
        last;
    }
    
    if ($guess < $secret) {
        print "You failed, try higher.\n";
    
    } elsif ($guess > $secret) {
        print "You failed, try lower.\n";
      
    } elsif ($guess == $secret) {
        print "You got it!\n";
        $secret = undef;
    }
}
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