Knowing the bigger picture would help here because the "best" answer depends a lot on context. The general answer to "is this thing an element of that set" is to use a hash:

my %hash;
@hash{val1, val2, val3} = undef;

if (exists $hash{$test}) {
}
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But if you want "do something if this thing is an element of that set" then you can use a hash to dispatch:

my %hash = (val1 => \&task1, val2 => \&task2, val3 => \&task3);

if (exists $hash{$test}) {
    $hash{$test}->();
}
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