Does anybody now how I can call the subs that I pass to a thread?

Short answer: You can't.

Long answer: Thread::Queue is really nothing more than a threads::shared array. Which means any ref assigned to it must also be threads::shared. Since you're passing a coderef, it must be threads::shared...except threads::shared cannot be applied to coderefs.

See liverpole's response (Re: Threaded Perl: References to subroutines to threads) for an alternative.