Anonymous Monk has asked for the wisdom of the Perl Monks concerning the following question:

Hi all, I'm trying to get HTML response from a secured website using my username & password. In order of doing this, I perform a series of HTTP requests which simulates the login process.
The problem is that the cookies,which are essential for the authentication,aren't transformed properly.During the redirection process there is a login cookie which looks like this: Set-Cookie: Login=839AEDB0B6438A36E6... path=/ And I cannot get it. I can see the cookies on Firefox "Live HTTP Headers" plug-in,but cannot extract them in the PERL code. Here are the HTTP requests I need to perform(from Firefox's plug-in): 
http://www.everydaylife.amdigital.co.uk/

GET / HTTP/1.1
Host: www.everydaylife.amdigital.co.uk
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8.1.1
+1) Gecko/20071127 Firefox/2.0.0.11
Accept: text/xml,application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9
+,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5
Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate
Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7
Keep-Alive: 300
Connection: keep-alive

HTTP/1.x 302 Found
Date: Thu, 06 Dec 2007 10:19:21 GMT
Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0
X-Powered-By: ASP.NET
X-AspNet-Version: 1.1.4322
Location: /login.aspx?ReturnUrl=%2findex.aspx
Cache-Control: private
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: 152
----------------------------------------------------------
http://www.everydaylife.amdigital.co.uk/login.aspx?ReturnUrl=%2findex.
+aspx

GET /login.aspx?ReturnUrl=%2findex.aspx HTTP/1.1
Host: www.everydaylife.amdigital.co.uk
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8.1.1
+1) Gecko/20071127 Firefox/2.0.0.11
Accept: text/xml,application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9
+,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5
Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate
Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7
Keep-Alive: 300
Connection: keep-alive

HTTP/1.x 302 Found
Date: Thu, 06 Dec 2007 10:19:21 GMT
Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0
X-Powered-By: ASP.NET
X-AspNet-Version: 1.1.4322
Location: http://secure.amdigital.co.uk/Login.aspx?sessionID=tjfxz255r
+cn0ei55nskjfl55&originalURL=http%3a%2f%2fwww.everydaylife.amdigital.c
+o.uk%2findex.aspx
Set-Cookie: ASP.NET_SessionId=tjfxz255rcn0ei55nskjfl55; path=/
Cache-Control: private
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: 267
----------------------------------------------------------
http://secure.amdigital.co.uk/Login.aspx?sessionID=tjfxz255rcn0ei55nsk
+jfl55&originalURL=http%3a%2f%2fwww.everydaylife.amdigital.co.uk%2find
+ex.aspx

GET /Login.aspx?sessionID=tjfxz255rcn0ei55nskjfl55&originalURL=http%3a
+%2f%2fwww.everydaylife.amdigital.co.uk%2findex.aspx HTTP/1.1
Host: secure.amdigital.co.uk
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8.1.1
+1) Gecko/20071127 Firefox/2.0.0.11
Accept: text/xml,application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9
+,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5
Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate
Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7
Keep-Alive: 300
Connection: keep-alive

HTTP/1.x 302 Found
Date: Thu, 06 Dec 2007 10:19:22 GMT
Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0
X-Powered-By: ASP.NET
X-AspNet-Version: 2.0.50727
Location: http://secure.amdigital.co.uk/Login.aspx?sessionID=tjfxz255r
+cn0ei55nskjfl55&originalURL=http%3a%2f%2fwww.everydaylife.amdigital.c
+o.uk%2findex.aspx&cookiesTesting=true
Set-Cookie: ASP.NET_SessionId=g534qbaix4gqne551mr1gs45; path=/; HttpOn
+ly
Set-Cookie: AMPCAM=cam; path=/
Cache-Control: private
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: 291
----------------------------------------------------------
http://secure.amdigital.co.uk/Login.aspx?sessionID=tjfxz255rcn0ei55nsk
+jfl55&originalURL=http%3a%2f%2fwww.everydaylife.amdigital.co.uk%2find
+ex.aspx&cookiesTesting=true

GET /Login.aspx?sessionID=tjfxz255rcn0ei55nskjfl55&originalURL=http%3a
+%2f%2fwww.everydaylife.amdigital.co.uk%2findex.aspx&cookiesTesting=tr
+ue HTTP/1.1
Host: secure.amdigital.co.uk
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8.1.1
+1) Gecko/20071127 Firefox/2.0.0.11
Accept: text/xml,application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9
+,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5
Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate
Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7
Keep-Alive: 300
Connection: keep-alive
Cookie: ASP.NET_SessionId=g534qbaix4gqne551mr1gs45; AMPCAM=cam

HTTP/1.x 200 OK
Date: Thu, 06 Dec 2007 10:19:23 GMT
Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0
X-Powered-By: ASP.NET
X-AspNet-Version: 2.0.50727
Cache-Control: private
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: 9317
----------------------------------------------------------
http://secure.amdigital.co.uk/Login.aspx?sessionID=tjfxz255rcn0ei55nsk
+jfl55&originalURL=http%3a%2f%2fwww.everydaylife.amdigital.co.uk%2find
+ex.aspx&cookiesTesting=true#1f3e7d

GET /Login.aspx?sessionID=tjfxz255rcn0ei55nskjfl55&originalURL=http%3a
+%2f%2fwww.everydaylife.amdigital.co.uk%2findex.aspx&cookiesTesting=tr
+ue HTTP/1.1
Host: secure.amdigital.co.uk
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8.1.1
+1) Gecko/20071127 Firefox/2.0.0.11
Accept: image/png,*/*;q=0.5
Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate
Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7
Keep-Alive: 300
Connection: keep-alive
Referer: http://secure.amdigital.co.uk/Login.aspx?sessionID=tjfxz255rc
+n0ei55nskjfl55&originalURL=http%3a%2f%2fwww.everydaylife.amdigital.co
+.uk%2findex.aspx&cookiesTesting=true
Cookie: ASP.NET_SessionId=g534qbaix4gqne551mr1gs45; AMPCAM=cam

HTTP/1.x 200 OK
Date: Thu, 06 Dec 2007 10:19:23 GMT
Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0
X-Powered-By: ASP.NET
X-AspNet-Version: 2.0.50727
Cache-Control: private
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: 9317
----------------------------------------------------------
http://secure.amdigital.co.uk/Login.aspx?sessionID=tjfxz255rcn0ei55nsk
+jfl55&originalURL=http%3a%2f%2fwww.everydaylife.amdigital.co.uk%2find
+ex.aspx&cookiesTesting=true

POST /Login.aspx?sessionID=tjfxz255rcn0ei55nskjfl55&originalURL=http%3
+a%2f%2fwww.everydaylife.amdigital.co.uk%2findex.aspx&cookiesTesting=t
+rue HTTP/1.1
Host: secure.amdigital.co.uk
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8.1.1
+1) Gecko/20071127 Firefox/2.0.0.11
Accept: text/xml,application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9
+,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5
Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate
Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7
Keep-Alive: 300
Connection: keep-alive
Referer: http://secure.amdigital.co.uk/Login.aspx?sessionID=tjfxz255rc
+n0ei55nskjfl55&originalURL=http%3a%2f%2fwww.everydaylife.amdigital.co
+.uk%2findex.aspx&cookiesTesting=true
Cookie: ASP.NET_SessionId=g534qbaix4gqne551mr1gs45; AMPCAM=cam
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Content-Length: 433
__EVENTTARGET=&__EVENTARGUMENT=&__VIEWSTATE=%2FwEPDwUKLTIxOTM1NjQ3Nw9k
+FgICAQ9kFgICAw8PFgIeC05hdmlnYXRlVXJsBWRodHRwOi8vYXV0aC5hdGhlbnNhbXMub
+mV0Lz9hdGhfcmV0dXJsPWh0dHAlM2ElMmYlMmZzZWN1cmUuYW1kaWdpdGFsLmNvLnVrJT
+JmbG9naW4uYXNweCZhdGhfZHNwaWQ9QU1QZGRk2Bb6XOr65gVrMfaRFicTepH4QYQ%3D&
+UserNameTextBox=EXLIBRIS&PasswordTextbox=EXLIBRIS&LoginButton=Login&_
+_EVENTVALIDATION=%2FwEWBALbmLD7DgLw2N3fDgKi9%2FChAwL%2BjNCfD2F8eUswa7
+S9vprVTL2rvpalIrUP
HTTP/1.x 302 Found
Date: Thu, 06 Dec 2007 10:20:46 GMT
Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0
X-Powered-By: ASP.NET
X-AspNet-Version: 2.0.50727
Location: http://www.everydaylife.amdigital.co.uk/index.aspx?sessionID
+=tjfxz255rcn0ei55nskjfl55&sessionENC=Nfb%2ftuRFpS6Xd2N0ylolleZ4z9Zqn6
+SFYF%2bk6Pa0fMZY4Q31JvifZEq5BtD6f6ZqBbDptegoCj2HtkI7vWpMtmN6DGQSBfWsI
+QsWDVI8KQI%3d&originalURL=http%3a%2f%2fwww.everydaylife.amdigital.co.
+uk%2findex.aspx
Set-Cookie: secure.root=AC78A146FA8D23827CAA1445F0CE905249CBBD1FAF0495
+65BFCAE6EB1E88592E7CAAB601986702A994CE27AB24B63F8A0F4C236BBB21CE353D3
+7675F217FA4E6543DA341A37DD6042B85E5A1F3A5FE12A4A3A3E9DE0020BB6F81795D
+D1F61EBA5558E5711205BC5C32C705D12DE93006; path=/; HttpOnly
Set-Cookie: camlogintoken=8f90be72-817c-4679-aefd-7542fa6e808b; domain
+=.amdigital.co.uk; expires=Thu, 06-Dec-2007 10:21:36 GMT; path=/
Cache-Control: private
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: 407
----------------------------------------------------------
http://www.everydaylife.amdigital.co.uk/index.aspx?sessionID=tjfxz255r
+cn0ei55nskjfl55&sessionENC=Nfb%2ftuRFpS6Xd2N0ylolleZ4z9Zqn6SFYF%2bk6P
+a0fMZY4Q31JvifZEq5BtD6f6ZqBbDptegoCj2HtkI7vWpMtmN6DGQSBfWsIQsWDVI8KQI
+%3d&originalURL=http%3a%2f%2fwww.everydaylife.amdigital.co.uk%2findex
+.aspx

GET /index.aspx?sessionID=tjfxz255rcn0ei55nskjfl55&sessionENC=Nfb%2ftu
+RFpS6Xd2N0ylolleZ4z9Zqn6SFYF%2bk6Pa0fMZY4Q31JvifZEq5BtD6f6ZqBbDptegoC
+j2HtkI7vWpMtmN6DGQSBfWsIQsWDVI8KQI%3d&originalURL=http%3a%2f%2fwww.ev
+erydaylife.amdigital.co.uk%2findex.aspx HTTP/1.1
Host: www.everydaylife.amdigital.co.uk
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8.1.1
+1) Gecko/20071127 Firefox/2.0.0.11
Accept: text/xml,application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9
+,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5
Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate
Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7
Keep-Alive: 300
Connection: keep-alive
Referer: http://secure.amdigital.co.uk/Login.aspx?sessionID=tjfxz255rc
+n0ei55nskjfl55&originalURL=http%3a%2f%2fwww.everydaylife.amdigital.co
+.uk%2findex.aspx&cookiesTesting=true
Cookie: ASP.NET_SessionId=tjfxz255rcn0ei55nskjfl55; camlogintoken=8f90
+be72-817c-4679-aefd-7542fa6e808b

HTTP/1.x 302 Found
Date: Thu, 06 Dec 2007 10:20:46 GMT
Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0
X-Powered-By: ASP.NET
X-AspNet-Version: 1.1.4322
Location: /login.aspx?ReturnUrl=%2findex.aspx%3fsessionID%3dtjfxz255rc
+n0ei55nskjfl55%26sessionENC%3dNfb%252ftuRFpS6Xd2N0ylolleZ4z9Zqn6SFYF%
+252bk6Pa0fMZY4Q31JvifZEq5BtD6f6ZqBbDptegoCj2HtkI7vWpMtmN6DGQSBfWsIQsW
+DVI8KQI%253d%26originalURL%3dhttp%253a%252f%252fwww.everydaylife.amdi
+gital.co.uk%252findex.aspx&sessionID=tjfxz255rcn0ei55nskjfl55&session
+ENC=Nfb%2ftuRFpS6Xd2N0ylolleZ4z9Zqn6SFYF%2bk6Pa0fMZY4Q31JvifZEq5BtD6f
+6ZqBbDptegoCj2HtkI7vWpMtmN6DGQSBfWsIQsWDVI8KQI%3d&originalURL=http%3a
+%2f%2fwww.everydaylife.amdigital.co.uk%2findex.aspx
Cache-Control: private
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: 654
----------------------------------------------------------
http://www.everydaylife.amdigital.co.uk/login.aspx?ReturnUrl=%2findex.
+aspx%3fsessionID%3dtjfxz255rcn0ei55nskjfl55%26sessionENC%3dNfb%252ftu
+RFpS6Xd2N0ylolleZ4z9Zqn6SFYF%252bk6Pa0fMZY4Q31JvifZEq5BtD6f6ZqBbDpteg
+oCj2HtkI7vWpMtmN6DGQSBfWsIQsWDVI8KQI%253d%26originalURL%3dhttp%253a%2
+52f%252fwww.everydaylife.amdigital.co.uk%252findex.aspx&sessionID=tjf
+xz255rcn0ei55nskjfl55&sessionENC=Nfb%2ftuRFpS6Xd2N0ylolleZ4z9Zqn6SFYF
+%2bk6Pa0fMZY4Q31JvifZEq5BtD6f6ZqBbDptegoCj2HtkI7vWpMtmN6DGQSBfWsIQsWD
+VI8KQI%3d&originalURL=http%3a%2f%2fwww.everydaylife.amdigital.co.uk%2
+findex.aspx

GET /login.aspx?ReturnUrl=%2findex.aspx%3fsessionID%3dtjfxz255rcn0ei55
+nskjfl55%26sessionENC%3dNfb%252ftuRFpS6Xd2N0ylolleZ4z9Zqn6SFYF%252bk6
+Pa0fMZY4Q31JvifZEq5BtD6f6ZqBbDptegoCj2HtkI7vWpMtmN6DGQSBfWsIQsWDVI8KQ
+I%253d%26originalURL%3dhttp%253a%252f%252fwww.everydaylife.amdigital.
+co.uk%252findex.aspx&sessionID=tjfxz255rcn0ei55nskjfl55&sessionENC=Nf
+b%2ftuRFpS6Xd2N0ylolleZ4z9Zqn6SFYF%2bk6Pa0fMZY4Q31JvifZEq5BtD6f6ZqBbD
+ptegoCj2HtkI7vWpMtmN6DGQSBfWsIQsWDVI8KQI%3d&originalURL=http%3a%2f%2f
+www.everydaylife.amdigital.co.uk%2findex.aspx HTTP/1.1
Host: www.everydaylife.amdigital.co.uk
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8.1.1
+1) Gecko/20071127 Firefox/2.0.0.11
Accept: text/xml,application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9
+,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5
Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate
Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7
Keep-Alive: 300
Connection: keep-alive
Referer: http://secure.amdigital.co.uk/Login.aspx?sessionID=tjfxz255rc
+n0ei55nskjfl55&originalURL=http%3a%2f%2fwww.everydaylife.amdigital.co
+.uk%2findex.aspx&cookiesTesting=true
Cookie: ASP.NET_SessionId=tjfxz255rcn0ei55nskjfl55; camlogintoken=8f90
+be72-817c-4679-aefd-7542fa6e808b

HTTP/1.x 302 Found
Date: Thu, 06 Dec 2007 10:20:46 GMT
Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0
X-Powered-By: ASP.NET
X-AspNet-Version: 1.1.4322
Location: http://www.everydaylife.amdigital.co.uk/index.aspx
Set-Cookie: Login=83BB09A8C256DEB5FA12F7B0BCCFF564017D18E83D4A5F4F9905
+A70981B4B513350D92164ABA56340F9AEDB0B6438A36E6FE926C35A522980CB2FBA33
+2D185494C120C81251F6B4698F6D8101747267BA9CFB143A5EB12527DB4DE1FF9857A
+27D6C4341D0981F92F644A3F8E6FC0E422CB4294066D10B0C2400209719FA5B1D9; p
+ath=/
Cache-Control: private
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: 167
----------------------------------------------------------
http://www.everydaylife.amdigital.co.uk/index.aspx

GET /index.aspx HTTP/1.1
Host: www.everydaylife.amdigital.co.uk
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8.1.1
+1) Gecko/20071127 Firefox/2.0.0.11
Accept: text/xml,application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9
+,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5
Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate
Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7
Keep-Alive: 300
Connection: keep-alive
Referer: http://secure.amdigital.co.uk/Login.aspx?sessionID=tjfxz255rc
+n0ei55nskjfl55&originalURL=http%3a%2f%2fwww.everydaylife.amdigital.co
+.uk%2findex.aspx&cookiesTesting=true
Cookie: ASP.NET_SessionId=tjfxz255rcn0ei55nskjfl55; camlogintoken=8f90
+be72-817c-4679-aefd-7542fa6e808b; Login=83BB09A8C256DEB5FA12F7B0BCCFF
+564017D18E83D4A5F4F9905A70981B4B513350D92164ABA56340F9AEDB0B6438A36E6
+FE926C35A522980CB2FBA332D185494C120C81251F6B4698F6D8101747267BA9CFB14
+3A5EB12527DB4DE1FF9857A27D6C4341D0981F92F644A3F8E6FC0E422CB4294066D10
+B0C2400209719FA5B1D9

HTTP/1.x 200 OK
Date: Thu, 06 Dec 2007 10:20:46 GMT
Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0
X-Powered-By: ASP.NET
X-AspNet-Version: 1.1.4322
Cache-Control: private
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: 9611
----------------------------------------------------------

[download]
And here is the PERL code which performs the login(it prints only the cookies,without the full HTML response): 
#!/exlibris/metalib/m4_8/product/bin/perl
use strict;
use LWP::UserAgent;
use URI::Escape;
use HTTP::Cookies;

    my ($session,$view_state,$t,$d,$event_validation,$new_view_state,$
+session_enc,$login);
    my $ua = new LWP::UserAgent;
    $ua->cookie_jar(HTTP::Cookies->new());

    #### First call - go to the home page and get the initial session 
+ID

    my $search_command = "http://www.everydaylife.amdigital.co.uk";

    my $req = new HTTP::Request('GET',$search_command);
    my $res = $ua->request($req);
    my $response  = $res->headers_as_string();
    my $response .= $res->content;

    print "Cookies after 1st transaction:".$ua->cookie_jar->as_string.
+"\n";

    ##################################################################
+########
    ##### Parse a few parameters for the following requests' authentic
+ation

    if($response =~ /action="Login.aspx\?sessionID=(.*?)&originalU
+RL=/){
        $session = $1;
    }
    if($response =~ /id="__VIEWSTATE"\s*value="(.*?)"/){
        $view_state = $1;
    }
    if($response =~ /id="__EVENTVALIDATION" value="(.*?)"/){
        $event_validation = $1;
    }


    ##################################################################
+#########
    #### Second call - use the parameters we found and perform a POST 
+request
    ##The search address
    my $search_command = "http://secure.amdigital.co.uk/Login.aspx?ses
+sionID=$session&originalURL=http%3a%2f%2fwww.everydaylife.amdigital.c
+o.uk%2findex.aspx";
    ##The POST content
    my $content = "__EVENTTARGET=&__EVENTARGUMENT=&__VIEWSTATE=$view_s
+tate&UserNameTextBox=EXLIBRIS&PasswordTextbox=EXLIBRIS&LoginButton=Lo
+gin&__EVENTVALIDATION=$event_validation";

 ##The headers
    my $header = new HTTP::Headers(
        'Accept-Language' => 'en-us',
        'Content-Type' => 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',
        'User-Agent' => 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.01; Windows N
+T 5.0)',
        'Connection' => 'Keep-Alive',
        'Cache-Control' => 'no-cache',
    );

    $req = new HTTP::Request('POST',$search_command,$header,$content);
    $res = $ua->request($req);

    ##The cookie jar
    print "Cookies after 2nd transaction:".$ua->cookie_jar->as_string.
+"\n";

[download]
Notice that the cookies I get are very partial. Can anyone suggest a way to get the full cookies? Thanks, Asaf

Edit: g0n - readmore tags

Replies are listed 'Best First'.
Re: Problem with cookies
by moritz (Cardinal) on Dec 06, 2007 at 13:19 UTC
[reply]
      Thank you. I'll try to use this,but I need another solution because I work with customers which don't have this module,and if I update my files I'll have to update all my customers' codes. Is there another way of doing that?
[reply]
        Does this help:
        WWW::Mechanize is a proper subclass of LWP::UserAgent and you can also use any of LWP::UserAgent's methods.

        Cheers
        Chris

[reply]

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