I do use $devices in the output portion of the script, thats why I am using each instead of keys. I've changed it to declare $location and $devices right inside the begining of the naked block so that its within its scope when I call it during the output portion.

I finally get it. for some reason I was thinking that $location was outside of its scope for some reason I didn't understand, I feel like a dunce now that I realize it was $_ that was the uninitialized value. I have fixed that as well now.

Everything is running now and generating the output I was looking for, thanks.