Hello Prasad, both the statments are wrong. when you write

#case 2:

my $x = 5 if (1);

print $x; #prints 5
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for compiler $x is visible outside even though it does operations like case 1. so

my $x=4 if(1);   #x is as good as global for this file.

if(1)
{
 my $x=5; # x is visible inside the block for compiler so it makes it 
+inside.
}
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so use braces if u want to make it part of if only.