Use a hash:

use strict;
use warnings;
use Data::Dumper;

my @status = ("Applied", "Enrolled", "Admitted", "Applied", "Enrolled"
+);
my %statuscount;
$statuscount{$_}++ for @status;
print Dumper(\%statuscount);

__END__
$VAR1 = {
          'Enrolled' => 2,
          'Applied' => 2,
          'Admitted' => 1
        };
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