CPANPLUS can install packages from URIs:

F:\asperl>cpanp
CPANPLUS::Shell::Default -- CPAN exploration and module installation (
+v0.84)
*** Please report bugs to <bug-cpanplus@rt.cpan.org>.
*** Using CPANPLUS::Backend v0.84.  ReadLine support disabled.

*** Type 'p' now to show start up log

Did you know...
    You can add custom sources to your index. See '/cs --help' for det
+ails
CPAN Terminal> i http://somewebserver/path/to/package-0.01.tar.gz
[download]

I believe that it can also use file type URIs.

CPAN Terminal> i file:///path/to/releases/package-0.01.tar.gz
[download]

It also supports custom source locations that can be added to the index, see '/cs --help' at the cpanp prompt for details.