?: binds tighter than a function, so it takes precedence, yes.

sub bleh
{
     sort @_ ? @_ : 0;
}
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Which is the same as:

sub bleh
{
     sort (@_ ? @_ : 0);
}
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But perhaps you meant:

sub bleh
{
     (sort @_) ? @_ : 0;
}
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Though I'm not really sure what you mean by this at all, since you aren't really using the results of the sort for any constructive purpose.