...but you can only update an SQL table using an SQL UPDATE statement e.g.

UPDATE table
SET foo = bar
WHERE condition
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browsing SQL should start you off.

BTW, you do realise that the split you perform won't work with word1 := word2; since the value you split on doesn't exist, try /\s*.=\s/* as the regex - in that way, you'll remove white space either side of the tokens you actually want.

Alternatively, just use vanilla split and use the 1st and 3rd elements of the resulting array e.g.

while (<>) {
    my @args = split;
    # Now use $args[0] & $args[2] as appropriate
    .
    .
}
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