in reply to Growing a Hash of Hashes via its reference

In sub find_misfits, $misfits is a hash ref., so you need to change...
$misfits{$stand}{$mother}{$offspring} = {%{$candidate{$stand}{$mother} +{$offspring}}};
to read
$misfits->{$stand}{$mother}{$offspring} = {%{$candidate{$stand}{$mothe +r}{$offspring}}};
A user level that continues to overstate my experience :-))