If I understand the question properly, you can adopt this-

my $path = '/path/to/some/file.txt';
my $file = '/path/to/some/directory/';

my $dir;
for ($path, $file){
# if you know the dirs will always have a trailing slash 
# otherwise if (-d $_){ 
  if (m!/$!){    
    $dir = (split /\//)[-1];
  }
  else {
     # else its a file
  }
}
print $dir, "\n";
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--
my $chainsaw = 'Perl';