Most likely that is a quoting issue between cmd.exe and Perl. I try to avoid double quotes in my oneliners:

perl -e "for (glob '*') { my ($id) = /(\d+)$/ || /^(\d+)/; print qq($_
+ => id=$id\n); }"
[download]

If you want to find out what Perl sees, use B::Deparse:

>perl -MO=Deparse -e "for (glob '*') { my ($id) = /(\d+)$/ || /^(\d+)/
+; print qq($_ => id=$id\n); }"
use File::Glob ();
foreach $_ (glob('*')) {
    my($id) = /(\d+)$/ || /^(\d+)/;
    print "$_ => id=$id\n";
}
-e syntax OK

>perl -MO=Deparse -e "for (glob '*') { my ($id) = /(\d+)$/ || /^(\d+)/
+; print \"$_ => id=$id\n\"; }"
-e syntax OK

>
[download]

So Perl doesn't even want to tell me what's going on with the double-quote thing.