You are using the same path on both systems. It might help you isolate the problem if you changed the path for one end at a time.

# cat test_sftp.cgi
#!/usr/bin/perl -w

use strict;
use warnings;
use Net::SFTP;

my $from       = 'TEST.txt';
my $to         = '/sftp/tmp/TEST.txt';
my $server     = 'X.X.X.X';
my $user       = 'user';
my $sftp;
my %args       = ( ssh_args => { user            => 'user',
                                 identity_files  => [ '/root/.ssh/id_r
+sa' ],
                                 debug           => 1
                               }
);


$sftp = Net::SFTP->new($server, %args)
     or die "could not open connection to $server\n";

$sftp->put($from, $to) or die "could not upload $file\n";

exit;
[download]

Are you running a system with Security Enhanced (SE) Linux (e.g. RedHat)? If so, there may be restrictions on your /sftp directory and/or ssh processes preventing access. If SELinux is preventing access it will probably be logging the faults. Check /var/log/messages (probably).

thx a lot, you are completely right.
There are different paths and the simple script can send a file without problems.

It seems to be a problem with the path on the remote server, I changed my original script:

#!/usr/bin/perl -w

use strict;
use warnings;

use File::Copy;
use File::Find;
use Net::Netrc;
use Net::SFTP;
use MIME::Lite;
use Getopt::Std;
use Mail::Sender;


my $from       = '/srv/*.txt';
my $to         = '/HOME/*.txt';
my $server     = 'X.X.X.X';
my $user       = 'user';
my $sftp;
my %args       = ( ssh_args => { user            => 'user',

                                 identity_files  => [ '/home/.ssh/id_r
+sa' ],

                                 protocol        => '2,1',

                                 debug           => 1,

                               }

);

my $linux = "admin\@domain.net";
my $recipient1 = "recipient1\@domain.net";
my $recipient2 = "recipient2\@domain.net";
my $recipient3 = "recipient3\@domain.net>";


# write a log
BEGIN
{
use CGI::Carp qw(carpout);
my $errorlog = "/srv/logs/transferlog.txt";
open(LOG, ">$errorlog") or die("Unable to open $errorlog: $!\n");
print LOG "Errors:\n";
carpout(*LOG);
}

# create backup subfolder
my @dt = localtime;
my $subfolder_name = ((((1900 + $dt[5]) * 100 + 1 + $dt[4]) * 100 + $d
+t[3]) * 100 + $dt[2]) * 100 + $dt[1];
mkdir "/srv/OUT/$subfolder_name" or die "$subfolder_name: $!";


foreach my $from (</srv/*.txt>) {


# sftp file transfer
$sftp = Net::SFTP->new($server, %args) or die "could not open connecti
+on to $server\n";

$sftp->put($from, $to) or die "could not upload $from\n";


# move files to the backup directory
unless(move("$from", "/srv/OUT/$subfolder_name"))

{
               print STDERR "Oops!  Couldn't move the file: $!";
}

move "/srv/logs/transferlog.txt", "/srv/OUT/$subfolder_name";

               sleep (1 * 5)
}


# send a mail if transfer completed
my $sender = new Mail::Sender
  {smtp => 'localhost', from => $linux};
  $sender->MailFile({to => "$recipient1, $recipient2, $recipient3",
  subject => 'data transfer',
  msg => 'data transfer should be completed',
  file => "/srv/OUT/$subfolder_name/transferlog.txt"});

exit;
[download]


but I'm still getting this problem:

...........................
...........................
...........................
cc: Sending subsystem: sftp
cc: Requesting service subsystem on channel 1.
cc: channel 1: open confirm rwindow 100000 rmax 16384
[Thu Jul 30 13:40:45 2009] cc.cgi: Couldn't get handle: Failure at cc.
+cgi line 60
[Thu Jul 30 13:40:45 2009] cc.cgi: could not upload /srv/28072009.txt
[download]

Check /var/log/messages on the remote system.