A simplification of your code. You are repeating the same action using different data. So rather than have lots of code lets focus on a data structure that uses the same code.

my %effects = (
  part          => [qw(acid cold electricity fire)],
  gaze          => [qw(paralysis stone stun death)],
  range_part    => [qw(gas sonic)],
  touch_part    => ['poison', 'energy drain'],
  touch_special => ['befouls', 'purifies', 'nullifies holy water', 'nu
+llifies unholy water'],
  vocal         => [qw(deafen fear terror flight)],
);

$effects{'range'}   = [@{$effects{'part'}}, @{$effects{'range_part'}}]
+;
$effects{'touch'}   = [@{$effects{'part'}}, @{$effects{'touch_part'}}]
+;
$effects{'general'} = [@{$effects{'part'}}, @{$effects{'touch_part'}},
                       @{$effects{'gaze'}}, @{$effects{'range_part'}},
                       @{$effects{'vocal'}}];

sub random_effect {
    my $type = shift;
    
    return 'unknown' if not exists $effects{ $type };
    
    return $effects{ $type }[ rand @{$effects{ $type }} ];
}

print random_effect('misspelled') . "\n";
print random_effect( 'touch' ) . "\n";
print random_effect( 'touch' ) . "\n";
print random_effect( 'general' ) . "\n";
print random_effect( 'general' ) . "\n";
[download]

Now if you want to add a effect type, you only need to add an entry into %effects. You could probably do something similar for the alignments.