requiring data to be sent both ways across the connection

Sockets are bidirectional, so send data as you wish. What's the problem?

You say you know how to establish a connection, so presumably the problem you are having is with the handshaking you've said nothing about.

Sorry! To clarify the "handshaking," it's simply the server, once it receives a connection, tells the client "HELLO 1.0" and the client, if using version 1.0 will respond "HELLO 1.0" or "QUIT" if anything other than "HELLO 1.0" is received.

I currently have a side that is able to send, and a side that is able to received, but I can't seem to create a socket object using IO::Socket that can both send and receive data. Any help is appreciated!

I currently have a side that is able to send, and a side that is able to received

You are mistaken. Sockets are bidirectional, which means both sides can send and receive.

it's simply the server, once it receives a connection

I wonder if you are trying to get things the wrong way around? Generally, assuming you are using SOCK_STREAM, the server waits on a connection and a first message from the client - it is usually the client who "speaks" first (it does not have to be anything deep and meaningful). The server then responds, and waits for a reply. Maybe you have both sides sending or recieving at the same time?

Maybe I'm just going about sending data back in the wrong way? I'm unsure of how to get the handle to send from the 'server' to the 'client'. Here's the socket portion of what I have so far:

'Server'

my $clientSocket = new IO::Socket::INET( 
        PeerAddr => $ipSend, 
        PeerPort => $sendPort, 
        Proto => 'tcp',
    );
$clientSocket or die "Could not create socket:$!\n"; 
print $clientSocket "HELLO 1.0";  
sleep(3); 
close $clientSocket;
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'Client'

my $servSocket = IO::Socket::INET->new( 
        #LocalHost => 'localhost', 
        LocalPort => $listenPort, #7890
        Proto => 'tcp', 
        Listen => 2, 
        Reuse => 1
);
$servSocket or die "Could not create socket:$!\n"; 
my($tempSocket, $clientAddr, $buffer); 
while (($tempSocket, $clientAddr) = $servSocket->accept()) { 
    my ($clientPort, $clientIP) = sockaddr_in($clientAddr); 
    my $clientIPNum = inet_ntoa($clientIP); 
    my $clientHost = gethostbyaddr($clientIP, AF_INET); 
        while (defined ($buffer = <$tempSocket>)) { 
        print $buffer;
        if ($buffer =~ m/^HELLO (\d+.\d+)/) {
             my $version = $1;
             if ($version == "1.0") {
                 #This doesn't work
                      #Want to send "HELLO 1.0" back through the socke
+t
                      #Is the $tempSocket handle just wrong, or
                      #can I not use print to do this?
                      print $tempSocket "HELLO 1.0";
             }
        }
        last;
    }
}
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Assuming you meant to send a newline after the HELLO,

Side that initiates the handshake:

print $sock "HELLO 1.0";
chomp( my $greet = <$sock> );
die if $greet ne 'HELLO 1.0';
...continue...
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Side that responds to the handshake:

chomp( my $greet = <$sock> );
die if $greet ne 'HELLO 1.0';
print $sock "HELLO 1.0";
...continue...
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Without the newline, you'll need touse something other than <>. It won't return until a newline is received (by default).

Two obvious problems:
- Your client does not flush the buffer - thus nothing is sent, either call directly or check the autoflush property.
- Your server can handle only client and needs to flush as well.

Not sure if this is the cause of your problems, but there are some coding issues you should fix:

        if ($buffer =~ m/^HELLO (\d+.\d+)/) {
             my $version = $1;
             if ($version == "1.0") {
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should be:

        if (my ($version) = $buffer =~ m/^HELLO (\d+\.\d+)/) { ## Esca
+pe the "."
             if ($version eq "1.0") {        # Do a "text" compare, no
+t numeric
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