Sounds like a hash of arrays might be appropriate:

use strict;
use warnings;
use Data::Dump::Streamer;

my @colA = ('a01' .. 'a10');
my @colB = qw(red green blue green white gray orange brown purple mauv
+e);
my %colHash;

push @{$colHash{$colA[$_]}}, $colB[$_] for 0 .. $#colA;

my @colC = (1 .. 10);

push @{$colHash{$colA[$_]}}, $colC[$_] for 0 .. $#colA;

Dump (\%colHash);
[download]

Prints:

$HASH1 = {
           a01 => [
                    'red',
                    1
                  ],
           a02 => [
                    'green',
                    2
                  ],
           a03 => [
                    'blue',
                    3
                  ],
           a04 => [
                    'green',
                    4
                  ],
           a05 => [
                    'white',
                    5
                  ],
           a06 => [
                    'gray',
                    6
                  ],
           a07 => [
                    'orange',
                    7
                  ],
           a08 => [
                    'brown',
                    8
                  ],
           a09 => [
                    'purple',
                    9
                  ],
           a10 => [
                    'mauve',
                    10
                  ]
         };
[download]