then I suggest that the actual 'test.h' you're using is different to the one you provided

That's also my interpretation, in particular as the 'syntax error before "int"' in test.h is being reported for line 1... (any error before any of the ints in that file should be on line 2)

In case compiling test.c (the first command you suggested) should fail, the OP might want to replace option -c in that commandline with -E in order to take a look at the preprocessed output.