Actually I'm looking forward to write some kind of tool for our team, which will help them deal with installing, configuring and upgrading syntax modules easily.

As far as CPAN is concerned, syntax modules are just normal modules/distributions. So you can use the existing CPAN toolchain (like App::cpanminus, CPAN, CPANPLUS, CPAN::Mini) for that.

Managing all the dependencies in absence of a standard is another problem.

There is a standard for CPAN distributions: declare the dependencies in your build script, which then creates a META.yaml (or META.json); the standard toolchain can then be used to install all dependencies. You can reuse that mechanisms even if you don't write a module.