As noted, you can get your commandline arguments, except for IO redirection, via @ARGV.

Whatever IO redirection has been specified is available within your Perl script via STDIN, STDOUT and STDERR.

Here's how you can get at the filenames:

$ perl -wE 'use IO::Handle; my $inode = (*STDERR{IO}->stat)[1]; say `f
+ind -inum $inode`;' 2> derf
./derf

$ perl -wE 'use IO::Handle; my $inode = (*STDOUT{IO}->stat)[1]; say `f
+ind -inum $inode`;' > fred; cat fred
./fred
[download]

That obviously needs substantial error checking and other work for a serious script but hopefully it's at least a start in right direction.