RewriteRule (.*)$ cgi-bin/profile.cgi?$1

I'm very suspicious of catch-all rewrite rules. For one they disable the old URLs, and /cgi-bin/profile.cg?john then becomes /cgi-bin/profile.cgi?cgi-bin/profile.cgi?john internally, which looks very wrong.

It does not work.

How did it not work? Did your browser window dissolve itself in a shower of pink dots? or did the server start to burn? Or did you get any error message? If yes, what? Did you look into the server's log files?

Fwiw mod_rewrite has the RewriteLog directive, and from that log you can usually tell what you did wrong. Of course you need to put some effort into it, which is not as convenient as asking in a forum, but if you solve it yourself it feels much more rewarding. I promise.