"Det går inte att köra det angivna programmet." means "Unable to run the given program". Maybe the command line is too long, I believe max is 256 characters in Windows.

Nope, see http://win32.perl.org/wiki/index.php?title=Dmake, by default MAXLINELENGTH := 32766

To diagnose the problem, from cpan shell do a look

cpan> look Win32::Clipboard
[download]

which will open up a shell, so you can do a gcc -v or which -a gcc

http://win32.perl.org/wiki/index.php?title=Strawberry_Perl

Also, if you figure out what the problem is, report it http://strawberryperl.com/support.html