PostgreSQL does indeed have btree indexes, but also inverted indexes (GIN), and the excellent GIST index type. (it seems to me the btree type does well enough in this case; if you see my example below, where searching in a 223-million+ rows table takes a tenth of a millisecond).

PostgreSQL index-type docs here.

I'm just reacting to the juxtaposition of sqlite and postgres; really: SQLite, handy as it often is, can not be compared with a powerful database system like postgresql.

(And I should really try & compare Your Mother's example with KinoSearch, and see if he is right; maybe in the weekend... )