Typically, yes. However, there is also the possibility of using a client certificate, which identifies the client to the server. The typical use identifies the server to the client.

You can see how this is set up under Apache in the SSL How To document.

Update: It appears that LWP (the HTTPS section of the LWP documentation, just in case the previous hardcoded link changes) supports client certificates, but I have not tried it myself, so I cannot verify it.