in reply to Re: getting ancestors of elementin thread getting ancestors of element
See perlsub. $ means a scalar value, and
A semicolon (;) separates mandatory arguments from optional arguments.
So, sub r($$$;$) means: r is a subroutine prototyped to take at least 3, and at most 4, scalar arguments.
Hope that helps,
Athanasius <°(((>< contra mundum