my $regex = '(?<!\\\),';
split( /$regex/, "$text" );

##</code><code>##

1
Something\,\text\text\0x2B
X
99

##</code><code>##

1
This is a problem->\,B
2

##</code><code>##

my $regex = '(?<!:),|(?<=[:]{2}),';
my $text = '1,This:, is not a problem->::,B,2';
my @test = split( /$regex/, "$text" );

foreach( @test ) {
    print "$_\n";
}

##</code><code>##

1
This:, is not a problem->::
B
2