Parentheses missing around "%s" list (W parenthesis) You said something like my $foo, $bar = @_; when you meant my ($foo, $bar) = @_; Remember that "my", "our", and "local" bind tighter than comma. #### substr => 'seek $fh4 => 0, SEEK_SET or die; my ($char, $data); sysread $fh4 => $data, -s $file; $c4 = 0; $char = substr $data => $c4 ++, 1 for 0 .. length ($data) - 1' #### Rate sysread getc substr readline sysread 6.48/s -- -54% -60% -63% getc 14.0/s 117% -- -14% -19% substr 16.3/s 152% 16% -- -6% readline 17.4/s 169% 24% 7% -- 72192 : 72192 : 72192 : 72192