in reply to How to export a package sitting lower in a module?

use is an execution of require and import wrapped in a BEGIN block. Because you have package pack_B in the same file as package pack_A, you are failing the require. So the solution is to add the export text (as Corion says) and then invoke import directly, i.e. pack_B->import.

The better way (IMHO) to do this is to actually respect the package system intent and put pack_B in a different file, and don't surprise your maintainers.

#11929 First ask yourself `How would I do this without a computer?' Then have the computer do it the same way.

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Re^2: How to export a package sitting lower in a module?
by HelenCr (Monk) on Apr 22, 2013 at 15:26 UTC
    Corion and kennethk:

    It works best if you put separate packages into separate files.

    Sometimes (especially if you have an object-oriented project, with many little packages), it's not convenient to have each package in a speparate file.

    So the solution is to add the export text (as Corion says) and then invoke import directly, i.e. pack_B->import.

    Please note that this still doesn't work: the .pm module fails, complaining that the second @ISA is a bareword.

    Main script:

    use pack_A;
pack_B->import;
third();

    [download]
    The packages:
    # Name of this file: pack_A.pm
package pack_A;
use strict;
require Exporter;
@ISA = qw {Exporter};
@EXPORT = qw {first second};

sub first {
}
sub second {
}
1;
#end package pack_A;

package pack_B;
use strict;
require Exporter;
@ISA = qw {Exporter};
@EXPORT = qw {third fourth};
sub third {
}
sub fourth {
}
1;
#end package pack_B;
#end of file pack_A.pm

    [download]

[reply]
[d/l]
[select]
      Sometimes (especially if you have an object-oriented project, with many little packages), it's not convenient to have each package in a speparate file.
      If you are doing OO programming in Perl, you don't need to import anything. Using packages as libraries and exporting subroutines into a user space is actually a direct contradiction with a rigid OO model.
      Please note that this still doesn't work: the .pm module fails, complaining that the second @ISA is a bareword.
      That's because you're violating strict. Try our:
      package pack_B;
use strict;
require Exporter;
our @ISA = qw {Exporter};
our @EXPORT = qw {third fourth};
sub third {
}
sub fourth {
}
1;

      [download]

      #11929 First ask yourself `How would I do this without a computer?' Then have the computer do it the same way.

[reply]
[d/l]

        Thank you, kennethk. That works (provided that you use "our @ISA" and "our @EXPORT" both in the first (pack_A) and the second (pack_B) packages).

        Many thanks - Helen

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