If the same GN is always consecutive, you can just remember the previous GN while processing the file line by line. If the the GN is different, remember the header and print it before printing the sequence, otherwise skip printing them.

#!/usr/bin/perl
use warnings;
use strict;

my $previous_gn = "";
my $header;
while (<>) {
    if (my ($gn) = /^>.* GN=([^ ]+)/) {
        if ($gn ne $previous_gn) {
            $previous_gn = $gn;
            $header = $_;
        }
    } else {
        if ($header) {
            print $header, $_;
            undef $header;
        }
    }
}

[download]

If the header with the same GN don't have to be consecutive, you need to remember all the GN's seen so far. A hash is the best structure to remember them: 

#!/usr/bin/perl
use warnings;
use strict;

my %seen;
my $header;
my $gn;
while (<>) {
    if (/^>.* GN=([^ ]+)/) {
        $gn = $1;
        $header = exists $seen{$gn} ? undef : $_;
    } elsif ($header) {
        undef $seen{$gn};
        print $header, $_;
    }
}

[download]

map{substr$_->[0],$_->[1]||0,1}[\*||{},3],[[]],[ref qr-1,-,-1],[{}],[sub{}^*ARGV,3]

In reply to Re: remove entries with duplicate characters by choroba
in thread remove entries with duplicate characters by davi54

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