The discussion of Perl as a beginning language I refered to is at node_id=187006. I've seen too many people in starting CS classes absolutely shellshocked by Java, and people in my collage's "Computer programming in C++ for Physicists" introduction can't get into it (C++) if they don't have prior background. In my opinion, it doesn't get much better than Perl for teaching the idea of programming (i.e. "Here we're going to take the problem's solution and break it down into the smallest steps possible...") and the time spent learning Perl more than pays for itself once you become proficient. Thanks again! ~Adam